U Rwanda rwatangije gukoresha ibipimo by’uturemangingo Ndangasano mu bidukikije eDNA mu gukurikirana ibinyabuzima biba muri Pariki y’Igihugu y’Ibirunga.
Muri Gashyantare abafatanyabikorwa batandukanye bahuguye inzobere mu kubungabunga urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima uburyo bwo gukoresha eDNA mu gukurikirana ubuzima bwa buri munsi bw’ibinyabuzima bishingiye ku masano n’imiryango bikomokamo.
Gukurikirana inyamaswa umunsi ku wundi bishobora gukorwa hifashishijwe utunyangingo twayo tw’uruhu, amacandwe, cyangwa umwanda wayo ku buryo ushobora kubisuzuma ugatahura umuryango wayo.
Ibyo biri gukorwa mu mushinga wa TUI Wildlife Programme uterwa inkunga na TUI Care Foundation ugashyirwa mu bikorwa na African Wildlife Foundation (AWF) ku bufatanye n’Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Iterambere RDB na Dian Fossey Gorilla Fund.
Uyu mushinga uzafasha mu gukurikirana inkomoko n’ubuzima bw’ibinyabuzima, ndetse no kubaka DNA Bank yazo, izaba iya mbere muri Afurika.
Umuyobozi Uhagarariye AWF mu Rwanda, Nsabimana Patrick, yavuze ko bizafasha gukurikirana neza inkomoko ya buri kinyabuzima.
Ati “Turi gutangiza uburyo bushya bwo kubungangabunga ibinyabuzima aho tugiye kujya dushingira ku makuru mu kurinda buri kinyabuzima kiri muri Pariki y’Igihugu y’Ibirunga.”
Mu myaka myinshi ishize, igenzura ry’ibinyabuzima ryashingiraga cyane ku kubyirebera no kubikurikirana mu buryo butaziguye nko gukora isuzuma rikoresha amaso, gukoresha kamera zishyirwa mu gasozi, ndetse no gufata amajwi y’inyamaswa.
Nubwo ubu buryo bugifite akamaro gakomeye, busaba igihe kinini kandi hari n’igihe butabasha gutahura amoko y’ibinyabuzima bikunze kwihisha cyane.
eDNA yo izana uburyo bushya bushingiye ku bushakashatsi bwa siyansi aho hakoreshwa ibimenyetso bya gihanga bisigara mu bidukikije nko mu mazi, mu butaka cyangwa mu kirere kugira ngo hemezwe ko ubwoko runaka buri aho hantu.
Mu gace nka Pariki y’Igihugu y’Ibirunga, aho imisozi ihanamye cyane, ibimera byimeza nk’ishyamba ry’inzitane, ndetse n’imbibi z’ahantu ibinyabuzima bituye zihora zihindagurika kugira ubushobozi bwo gutahura ibidukikije hifashishijwe ibisigazwa byongera amahirwe yo gutahura ibishobora kuba byari kwirengagizwa cyangwa bitabonywe.
Pariki y’Igihugu y’Ibirunga ntiri gutangirira ku busa kuko mu gihe kirenga imyaka 20, Dian Fossey Gorilla Fund ni yo imaze kuyobora ubushakashatsi n’igenzura ry’igihe kirekire muri iyi pariki, yubaka ikusanyamakuru ryuzuye kurusha ayandi mu karere ku bijyanye n’imiterere y’ibidukikije.
Abashakashatsi bakurikiranye inyoni, inyamaswa z’inyamabere, ibikeri n’ibindi binyabuzima byo mu mazi no ku butaka, udukoko, ibimera, ibishanga, ndetse n’imiterere y’aho ibinyabuzima bituye bandika kandi basesengura impinduka zagiye zibaho mu bidukikije uko imyaka yagiye ishira, no mu bice bifite ubutumburuke butandukanye.
Akamaro ka eDNA si ugusimbura uburyo busanzwe bwo gukurikirana ibinyabuzima, ahubwo ni ukubwongerera imbaraga no kuzuzanya na bwo.
Iyo eDNA ihujwe n’uburyo bwari busanzwe bukoreshwa mu bushakashatsi ndetse n’ikoranabuhanga rishingiye ku byuma bifata amakuru, abafatanyabikorwa mu kubungabunga ibidukikije baba bagamije kubaka ishingiro ryimbitse kandi ryuzuye ry’amakuru ku binyabuzima.
Iryo shingiro rifasha gufata ibyemezo bihinduka kandi bigahuzwa n’ibihe, bigamije kurushaho kurengera no gucunga neza ibinyabuzima n’ibidukikije byo mu Pariki y’Igihugu y’Ibirunga.
Amahugurwa yabaye kuva ku wa 9 kugeza ku wa 13 Gashyantare 2026, abera ku Kigo cyo mu Kinigi cya Dian Fossey Gorilla Fund, ni icyiciro cya mbere mu byiciro bibiri by’amahugurwa biteganyijwe mu bihe bitandukanye by’umwaka, mu mushinga wiswe Enhancing Community-Based Ecological Monitoring in VNP.
Uyu mushinga ugamije gukora isuzuma ry’ibanze rishingiye kuri eDNA ku duce 30 twatoranyijwe mu buryo bwitondewe. Muri two 16 turi imbere muri Pariki, na 14 turi mu duce turi kwayagurirwamo.
Igishushanyo mbonera cy’iri suzuma gishingira ku makuru amazi ashobora gutanga uko igihe kigenda.
Abafatanyabikorwa bazibanda ku bishanga bihoraho n’imigezi kugira ngo babone ibimenyetso by’ibinyabuzima by’umwaka wose, ku bishanga by’igihe gito kugira ngo basuzume uko ahantu hatandukanye hahuzwa n’imigendekere y’ibinyabuzima, ndetse no ku duce two kwagurirwamo duherereye kuri metero 500 na 1000 uvuye ku mbibi za Pariki, hagamijwe kureba uko ibinyabuzima byambukiranya umupaka.
Abanyamwuga 20 bakiri bato mu bijyanye no kubungabunga ibidukikije ni bo bari kwitabira aya mahugurwa, baturuka mu bigo bitandukanye birimo African Wildlife Foundation (AWF), RDB, Kaminuza y’u Rwanda, Abaganga bavura ingagi, REMA n’abandi.
Amahugurwa ahuza inyigisho zo mu ishuri n’imyitozo yo ku kibuga no muri laboratwari, akubiyemo amahame y’igenzura ry’ibinyabuzima rishingiye ku bushakashatsi bwa molecule uburyo bwo gufata ingero za eDNA, kuzisesengura muri laboratwari, gusesengura amakuru no kuyasobanura.
Inzobere zizakurikirana icyiciro cya mbere cyo gufata impagararizi, mu gihe icyiciro cya kabiri kizayoborwa n’abakozi b’Abanyarwanda bamaze guhugurwa, intambwe igamije kubaka icyizere mu bushobozi bwa tekiniki, kongera ubwisanzure n’uruhare rw’ibigo by’imbere mu gihugu, no gutuma gahunda yo gukurikirana ibidukikije iramba.
eDNA iri kwagura urugero rw’ibishobora gupimwa no gukurikiranwa mu buso bwa kilometero kare 160 bwa Pariki y’Igihugu y’Ibirunga.
Ibi ni ikimenyetso cy’uko u Rwanda rushora imari mu kubaka siyansi kandi bizagena icyerekezo cyo kubungabunga ibidukikije mu myaka icumi iri imbere.
Abantu batandukanye bahuguwe ku gufata ibipimo bya gihanga ku binyabuzima
Inyamaswa zigiye kujya zikurikiranwa hashingiwe no kuri DNA
U Rwanda rwatangije gukoresha ibipimo by’uturemangingo Ndangasano mu bidukikije eDNA mu gukurikirana ibinyabuzima
Abanyarwanda bazifashishwa mu byiciro bitandukanye byo gufata ibimenyetso no gupima DNA ku binyabuzima
